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聯系人：張經理
聯系電話：18118113133
發(fā)布日期：2020/1/3 13:15:05 訪問次數：4059
5G時代信號的傳輸速度也會遠快于4G信號，就要求材料對信號的干擾小、介電常數小，保證大數據傳輸不受干擾。那么什么是介電常數，各種材料的介電常數又是多少？介質在外加電場時會產生感應電荷而削弱電場，介質中的電場減小與原外加電場（真空中）的比值即為相對介電常數(relative permittivity或dielectric constant)，又稱誘電率，與頻率相關。介電常數是相對介電常數與真空中絕對介電常數乘積。如果有高介電常數的材料放在電場中，電場的強度會在電介質內有可觀的下降。理想導體(金屬)的相對介電常數為無窮大。
根據物質的介電常數可以判別高分子材料的極性大小。通常，相對介電常數大于3.6的物質為極性物質；相對介電常數在2.8~3.6范圍內的物質為弱極性物質；相對介電常數小于2.8為非極性物質。
同理，我們根據高分子材料的極性也可以大致推測材料介電常數大小，極性基團多，介電常數高，極性基團少介電常數小。下面是常見材料的介電常數的大小：
聚合物
最低值
最高值
HIPS Flame Retardant V0
2
3
PCTFE - Polymonochlorotrifluoroethylene
2
3
PMMA - Polymethylmethacrylate/Acrylic
2
5
FEP - Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene
2.1
2.1
PFA - Perfluoroalkoxy
2.1
2.1
PTFE - Polytetrafluoroethylene
2.1
2.1
PMP - Polymethylpentene
2.1
3.6
HDPE - High Density Polyethylene
2.3
2.3
LDPE - Low Density Polyethylene
2.3
2.3
LLDPE - Linear Low Density Polyethylene
2.3
2.3
PMP Mineral Filled
2.3
2.3
PP, 10-40% Mineral Filled
2.3
2.3
PP, 10-40% Talc Filled
2.3
2.3
PP (Polypropylene) Copolymer
2.3
2.3
PP (Polypropylene) Homopolymer
2.3
2.3
PP, Impact Modified
2.3
2.3
UHMWPE - Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene
2.3
2.3
PMP 30% Glass Fiber-reinforced
2.4
2.4
PS (Polystyrene) Crystal
2.4
2.7
PS, High Heat
2.4
2.7
HIPS - High Impact Polystyrene
2.4
4.8
ABS High Heat
2.4
5
ABS High Impact
2.4
5
PS (Polystyrene) 30% glass fiber
2.5
2.5
EVA - Ethylene Vinyl Acetate
2.5
3
SAN - Styrene Acrylonitrile
2.5
3.4
ECTFE
2.57
2.59
ETFE - Ethylene Tetrafluoroethylene
2.6
2.6
PP - Polypropylene 10-20% Glass Fiber
2.6
2.6
PP, 30-40% Glass Fiber-reinforced
2.6
2.6
PPE - Polyphenylene Ether
2.7
2.7
PPE, Flame Retardant
2.7
2.7
PE - Polyethylene 30% Glass Fiber
2.7
2.8
ABS - Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene
2.7
3.2
SMA - Styrene Maleic Anhydride
2.8
2.8
ABS Flame Retardant
2.8
3
MABS - Transparent Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene
2.8
3
PC - Polycarbonate, high heat
2.8
3.8
PPE, 30% Glass Fiber-reinforced
2.9
2.9
ABS/PC Blend - Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene/Polycarbonate Blend
2.9
3.2
PMMA (Acrylic) Impact Modified
2.9
3.7
PBT - Polybutylene Terephthalate
2.9
4
PA 66, Impact Modified
2.9
5
PC/PBT Blend - Polycarbonate/Polybutylene Terephthalate Blend
2.95
3.14
PTFE, 25% Glass Fiber-reinforced
3
3
PSU - Polysulfone
3
3.2
PPS - Polyphenylene Sulfide
3
3.3
ASA/PC Blend - Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate/Polycarbonate Blend
3
3.4
PC (Polycarbonate) 20-40% Glass Fiber
3
3.5
PC (Polycarbonate) 20-40% Glass Fiber Flame Retardant
3
3.8
CP - Cellulose Proprionate
3
4
LCP Glass Fiber-reinforced
3
4
PA 6-10 - Polyamide 6-10
3
4
PBT, 30% Glass Fiber
3
4
PEI, 30% Glass Fiber-reinforced
3
4
PEI, Mineral Filled
3
4
PET - Polyethylene Terephtalate
3
4
PET, 30% Glass Fiber-reinforced
3
4
PETG - Polyethylene Terephtalate Glycol
3
4
POM (Acetal) Low Friction
3
4
PVC Rigid
3
4
PVC, Plasticized
3
5
PVC, Plasticized Filled
3
5
LCP Mineral-filled
3
5.9
CPVC - Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride
3
6
PVDC - Polyvinylidene Chloride
3
6
CAB - Cellulose Acetate Butyrate
3
7
CA - Cellulose Acetate
3
8
PA 11, Conductive
3
9
PA 11, Flexible
3
9
PA 11, Rigid
3
9
PA 12 (Polyamide 12), Conductive
3
9
PA 12, Fiber-reinforced
3
9
PA 12, Flexible
3
9
PA 12, Glass Filled
3
9
PA 12, Rigid
3
9
SRP - Self-reinforced Polyphenylene
3.1
3.1
ABS/PC Blend 20% Glass Fiber
3.1
3.2
PEI - Polyetherimide
3.1
3.2
PI - Polyimide
3.1
3.55
ASA/PC Flame Retardant
3.2
3.2
PEEK - Polyetheretherketone
3.2
3.2
SMMA - Styrene Methyl Methacrylate
3.2
3.2
PEEK 30% Carbon Fiber-reinforced
3.2
3.4
SAN, 20% Glass Fiber-reinforced
3.2
3.8
PMMA (Acrylic) High Heat
3.2
4
LCP - Liquid Crystal Polymer
3.3
3.3
PAR - Polyarylate
3.3
3.3
PEKK (Polyetherketoneketone), Low Cristallinity Grade
3.3
3.3
SMA, 20% Glass Fiber-reinforced
3.3
3.3
ASA - Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate
3.3
3.8
PPS, 20-30% Glass Fiber-reinforced
3.3
3.8
PC/PBT blend, Glass Filled
3.3
3.9
PEEK 30% Glass Fiber-reinforced
3.3
4.2
POM - Polyoxymethylene (Acetal)
3.3
4.7
PPSU - Polyphenylene Sulfone
3.4
3.5
PA 46 - Polyamide 46
3.4
3.8
PA 66, Impact Modified, 15-30% Glass Fiber
3.4
4.2
Amorphous TPI Blend, Ultra-high heat, Chemical Resistant (Standard Flow)
3.5
3.5
PESU - Polyethersulfone
3.5
4.1
PA 66, 30% Glass Fiber
3.5
5.6
PSU, 30% Glass finer-reinforced
3.6
3.7
PPA, 33% Glass Fiber-reinforced – High Flow
3.7
3.9
PARA (Polyarylamide), 30-60% glass fiber
3.9
4.5
PAI - Polyamide-Imide
3.9
7.3
PPS, 40% Glass Fiber-reinforced
4
4
PPA, 30% Mineral-filled
4
4.2
POM (Acetal) Impact Modified
4
4.3
PA 46, 30% Glass Fiber
4
4.6
PA 6 - Polyamide 6
4
5
PA 66 - Polyamide 6-6
4
5
PA 66, 30% Mineral filled
4
5
PESU 10-30% glass fiber
4.2
4.3
PAI, 30% Glass Fiber
4.2
6.5
PPA - Polyphthalamide
4.3
4.3
PPA, 33% Glass Fiber-reinforced
4.4
4.6
PPA, 45% Glass Fiber-reinforced
4.4
4.6
PA 11 - (Polyamide 11) 30% Glass fiber reinforced
4.8
4.8
EVOH - Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol
4.8
5.6
PPS, Glass fiber & Mineral-filled
5
5
PVDF - Polyvinylidene Fluoride
6
9
目前大家探討比較多是5G工程塑料，主要分為薄膜產品（LCP，PI等用在線路板，天線）、還有就是結構件（注塑成型），如低介電LCP、PBT、PPO、PPS等。選材中既要滿足介電常數低又要滿足力學性能、化學性能、電性能等因素。改性塑料的介電常數跟基材的分子結構有關，同時也跟增強/填充材料的介電常數有關。
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